Maize MON89034 x 1507 x MON88017 x 59122

Bt-toxins

lepidopterans

coleopterans

The pat-gene and the cp4 epsps- gene conferring tolerance to  herbicides with the active ingredient glyphosate and glufosinate).

Source: Bacillus thuringiensis 

Function: The toxins protects the plant from the lepidopteran insects, fall armyworm (Spodoptera sp.), black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon), european corn borer(Ostrinia nubilalis) and the corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea).

Source: Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki

Function: The gene codes for a Bt-toxin, which protects the plant against the european corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) and other lepidopterans such as the pink borer (Sesamia spp.), fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda), black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) and southwestern corn borer (Diatraea grandiosella).

Function: This gene codes for the enzyme Phosphinothricin-Acetyltransferase (PAT) and leads to increased tolerance to glufosinate-containing herbicides.

This gene is also used as a marker gene.

Source: Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kumamotoensis

Function: The toxin protects the plant from the Coleopteran insects western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera), northern corn rootworm (D. barberi), and Mexican corn rootworm (D. virgifera zeae).

Source: Soil bacterium Agrobacterium ssp. strain CP4

Function: The CP4 EPSPS gene encodes for a version of EPSPS that is highly tolerant to inhibition by glyphosate.

Source: Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kumamotoensis

Function: The gene codes for a Bt-toxin, which protects the plant against Coleopteran insects, such as western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera), northern corn rootworm (D. barberi), and mexican corn rootworm (D. virgifera zeae).

Function: This gene codes for the enzyme Phosphinothricin-Acetyltransferase (PAT) and leads to increased tolerance to glufosinate-containing herbicides.